- Primary pulmonary epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma: a rare entity and a literature review
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Priyanka Singh, Aruna Nambirajan, Manish Kumar Gaur, Rahul Raj, Sunil Kumar, Prabhat Singh Malik, Deepali Jain
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2022;56(4):231-237. Published online July 7, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2022.05.08
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- Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS) is an aggressive subtype of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) harboring anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusions and is associated with high risk of local recurrence and poor prognosis. Herein, we present a young, non-smoking male who presented with complaints of cough and dyspnoea and was found to harbor a large right lower lobe lung mass. Biopsy showed a high-grade epithelioid to rhabdoid tumor with ALK and desmin protein expression. The patient initially received 5 cycles of crizotinib and remained stable for 1 year; however, he then developed multiple bony metastases, for which complete surgical resection was performed. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of EIMS, with ALK gene rearrangement demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Postoperatively, the patient is asymptomatic with stable metastatic disease on crizotinib and has been started on palliative radiotherapy. EIMS is a very rare subtype of IMT that needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of ALKexpressing lung malignancies in young adults.
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- Mediastinal epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma with the EML4‐ALK fusion: A case report and literature review
Tingyu Pan, Xinyu Sun, Xiao Wu, Futing Tang, Xianmei Zhou, Qian Wang, Shi Chen Respirology Case Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Case report: Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma treated with an ALK TKI ensartinib
Mengmeng Li, Ruyue Xing, Jiuyan Huang, Chao Shi, Chunhua Wei, Huijuan Wang Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Epithelioid Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Sarcoma With Poor Response to Crizotinib: A Case Report
Soheila Aminimoghaddam, Roghayeh Pourali Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma: a case report and brief literature review
Weidong Dou, Yu Guan, Tao Liu, Hang Zheng, Shuo Feng, Yingchao Wu, Xin Wang, Zhanbing Liu Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
- Correlation of TTF-1 immunoexpression and EGFR mutation spectrum in non–small cell lung carcinoma
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Tripti Nakra, Varsha Singh, Aruna Nambirajan, Prabhat Singh Malik, Anant Mohan, Deepali Jain
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2021;55(4):279-288. Published online July 8, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2021.05.10
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3,628
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- Background
Thyroid transcription factor (TTF-1) is a diagnostic marker expressed in 75%–85% of primary lung adenocarcinomas (ACs). Activating mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is the most common targetable driver alteration in lung AC. Previous studies have shown a positive correlation between TTF-1 and EGFR mutation status. We aimed to determine the predictive value of TTF-1 immunoexpression for underlying EGFR mutation status in a large Indian cohort.
Methods This retrospective designed study was conducted with medical record data from 2011 to 2020. All cases of primary lung AC and non–small cell lung carcinoma not otherwise specified (NSCLC, NOS) with known TTF-1 expression diagnosed by immunohistochemistry using 8G7G3/1 antibodies and EGFR mutation status diagnosed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction were retrieved, reviewed, and the
results were analyzed. Results: Among 909 patient samples diagnosed as lung AC and NSCLC, NOS, TTF-1 was positive in 76.8% cases (698/909) and EGFR mutations were detected in 29.6% (269/909). A strong positive correlation was present between TTF-1 positivity and EGFR mutation status (odds ratio, 3.61; p < .001), with TTF-1 positivity showing high sensitivity (90%) and negative predictive value (87%) for EGFR mutation. TTF-1 immunoexpression did not show significant correlation with uncommon/dual EGFR mutations (odds ratio, 1.69; p = .098). EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy was significantly superior to chemotherapy among EGFR mutant cases irrespective of TTF-1 status; however, no significant differences among survival outcomes were observed.
Conclusions Our study confirms a strong positive correlation between TTF-1 expression and common EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R) in advanced lung AC with significantly high negative predictive value of TTF-1 for EGFR mutations.
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- Mutation profile and programmed death ligand 1 status of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer diagnosed with “adenocarcinoma” and “non‐small cell carcinoma favor adenocarcinoma”
Naoko Shigeta, Tomoyuki Yokose, Shuji Murakami, Tetsuya Isaka, Kanako Shinada, Emi Yoshioka, Atsuya Narita, Kengo Katakura, Tetsuro Kondo, Terufumi Kato, Takuya Nagashima, Haruhiro Saito, Hiroyuki Ito Thoracic Cancer.2024; 15(6): 458. CrossRef - Significance of NKX2-1 as a biomarker for clinical prognosis, immune infiltration, and drug therapy in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Huiyue Lin, Juyong Wang, Qing Shi, Minmin Wu PeerJ.2024; 12: e17338. CrossRef - Expression landscapes in non-small cell lung cancer shaped by the thyroid transcription factor 1
Herdee Gloriane C. Luna, Marcelo Severino Imasa, Necy Juat, Katherine V. Hernandez, Treah May Sayo, Gloria Cristal-Luna, Sheena Marie Asur-Galang, Mirasol Bellengan, Kent John Duga, Bien Brian Buenaobra, Marvin I. De los Santos, Daniel Medina, Jamirah Sam Lung Cancer.2023; 176: 121. CrossRef - Malignant pleural effusion cell blocks are reliable resources for PD-L1 analysis in advanced lung adenocarcinomas: a concordance study with matched histologic samples
Swati Mahajan, Aruna Nambirajan, Ishan Gupta, Nalini Gupta, Parikshaa Gupta, Deepali Jain Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology.2022; 11(5): 253. CrossRef - Clinicopathologic Features and Molecular Biomarkers as Predictors of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Mutation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Lanlan Liu, Xianzhi Xiong Current Oncology.2021; 29(1): 77. CrossRef
- Endobronchial Smooth Muscle Tumors: A Series of Five Cases Highlighting Pitfalls in Diagnosis
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Tripti Nakra, Aanchal Kakkar, Shipra Agarwal, Karan Madan, Suresh C Sharma, Deepali Jain
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(4):219-225. Published online July 11, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.05.16
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5,299
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- Background
Primary endobronchial smooth muscle tumors (SMTs), which are extremely rare, include endobronchial leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas. Clinically, SMTs present with signs and symptoms of bronchial obstruction, and lack specific radiological findings. Thus, histopathological examination is required for accurate diagnosis as well as for tumor grading. We examined the histomorphological and immunohistochemical features of endobronchial SMTs and highlighted pitfalls in diagnosis, particularly when using small biopsies.
Methods Cases of primary endobronchial SMTs diagnosed at our Institute over the last 6 years (2012–2017) were retrieved from the departmental archives. Histopathological features and immunohistochemistry performed for establishing the diagnosis were reviewed.
Results Five cases of SMTs occurring in endobronchial locations were identified. These included three cases of leiomyoma, and two cases of leiomyosarcoma. The age distribution of patients ranged from 13 to 65 years. Leiomyomas showed more consistent staining with smooth muscle markers (smooth muscle actin, desmin, and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain), while tumors of higher grade showed variable, focal staining, leading to erroneous diagnosis, especially on small biopsies.
Conclusions The diagnosis of endobronchial SMTs relies on histopathological examination, for both confirmation of smooth muscle lineage and determination of the malignant potential of the lesion. Appropriate immunohistochemical panels including more than one marker of smooth muscle differentiation are extremely valuable for differential diagnosis from morphological mimics, which is necessary for instituting appropriate management.
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Citations
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- Smooth Muscle Conditions of the Chest
Matthew R. McCann, Lucas R. Massoth, Carlos A. Rojas, Yin P. Hung, John P. Lichtenberger, Gerald F. Abbott, Justin T. Stowell Journal of Thoracic Imaging.2021; 36(5): 263. CrossRef - A Well-Defined Endobronchial Tumor in a 26-Year-Old Man
Christina Triantafyllidou, Petros Effraimidis, Mirjam Schimanke, Simone Ignatova, Anders Ringman, Susann Skoog, Farkas Vánky, Miklós Boros, Karin Cederquist Chest.2021; 159(5): e313. CrossRef - Primary Pulmonary Leiomyoma
Mohammad Abu-Hishmeh, Gowthami Kobbari, Fouzia Shakil, Oleg Epelbaum Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology.2020; 27(4): e54. CrossRef
- Thyroid Cytology in India: Contemporary Review and Meta-analysis
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Shipra Agarwal, Deepali Jain
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2017;51(6):533-547. Published online October 5, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.08.04
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8,836
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Abstract
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- Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a screening test for triaging thyroid nodules, aiding in subsequent clinical management. However, the advantages have been overshadowed by the multiplicity of reporting systems and a wide range of nomenclature used. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) was formulated in 2007, to give the world a uniform thyroid cytology reporting system, facilitating easy interpretation by the clinicians. Here, we review the status of thyroid FNAC in India in terms of various reporting systems used including a meta-analysis of the previously published data. An extensive literature search was performed using internet search engines. The reports with detailed classification system used in thyroid cytology were included. The meta-analysis of published data was compared with the implied risk of malignancy by TBSRTC. More than 50 studies were retrieved and evaluated. TBSRTC is currently the most widely used reporting system with different studies showing good efficacy and interobserver concordance. Ancillary techniques have, as of now, limited applicability and acceptability in thyroid cytology in India. Twenty-eight published articles met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. When compared with TBSRTC recommendations, the meta-analysis showed a higher risk of malignancy for categories I and III. Thyroid FNAC is practiced all over India. TBSRTC has found widespread acceptance, with most institutions using this system for routine thyroid cytology reporting. However, reasons for a high malignancy risk for categories I and III need to be looked into. Various possible contributing factors are discussed in the review.
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- Thermal imaging based pre-diagnostics tool for Graves’ disease
Vaishali Sharma, Vandana K Dhingra, Snehlata Shakya, Ashok Kumar, Mayank Goswami Measurement Science and Technology.2024; 35(3): 035702. CrossRef - High Malignancy Risk and Its Predictors in South Indian Patients With Bethesda II Thyroid Nodules
Sunanda Tirupati, Pradeep Puthenveetil, Shilpa Lakkundi, Anudeep Gaddam, Vijaya Sarathi Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Nuclear features in thyroid cytology: features helpful for a morphological diagnosis in routine practice
Priya Bhagwat, Sabine Pomplun Diagnostic Histopathology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Evaluation of thyroid lesions by the bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology
SyedAsif Hashmi, Monika Aggrawal, Rahul Pandey, Deepika Gulati, InamDanish Khan Journal of Marine Medical Society.2023; 25(1): 73. CrossRef - Incidence and Malignancy Rates in Thyroid Nodules in North-East Indian Population by Bethesda System: A Single Institutional Experience of 3 Years
Suvamoy Chakraborty, Manu C. Balakrishnan, Vandana Raphael, Prachurya Tamuli, Anuradha Deka South Asian Journal of Cancer.2023; 12(02): 166. CrossRef - Evaluation of Concordance of Ultrasound, Cytology, and Histopathology in Solitary Thyroid Nodules
Sunil Chumber, Surabhi Vyas, Kamal Kataria, Shipra Agarwal, Yashwant S Rathore, Gopal Puri, Sushma Yadav, Kanika Sharma, Amit Patidar Indian Journal of Endocrine Surgery and Research.2023; 18(1): 17. CrossRef - Cytomorphological Spectrum of Head and Neck Lesions by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Tertiary Care Center
Amandeep Kaur, Sonali Poonia, Karandeep Singh, Dalbir Kaur, Mohit Madhukar, Ravish Godara Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2023; 15(Suppl 1): S315. CrossRef - The Asian Thyroid Working Group, from 2017 to 2023
Kennichi Kakudo, Chan Kwon Jung, Zhiyan Liu, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Andrey Bychkov, Huy Gia Vuong, Somboon Keelawat, Radhika Srinivasan, Jen-Fan Hang, Chiung-Ru Lai Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2023; 57(6): 289. CrossRef - Cytomorphological categorization of thyroid lesions according to the bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytology and correlation with their histological outcome: An indian oncology centre experience
Meenakshi Kamboj, Anurag Mehta, Sunil Pasricha, Gurudutt Gupta, Anila Sharma, Garima Durga Journal of Cytology.2022; 39(1): 44. CrossRef - Is surgery necessary in benign thyroid lesions?
Pushkar Chaudhary, Naseem Noorunnisa Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University.2022; 17(3): 799. CrossRef - Effect of the Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP) Nomenclature Revision on Indian Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Practice
Chanchal Rana, Pooja Ramakant, Divya Goel, Akanksha Singh, KulRanjan Singh, Suresh Babu, Anand Mishra American Journal of Clinical Pathology.2021; 156(2): 320. CrossRef - The combination of ACR‐Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data system and The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology in the evaluation of thyroid nodules—An institutional experience
Shanmugasundaram Sakthisankari, Sreenivasan Vidhyalakshmi, Sivanandam Shanthakumari, Balalakshmoji Devanand, Udayasankar Nagul Cytopathology.2021; 32(4): 472. CrossRef - Risk of malignancy in Thyroid “Atypia of undetermined significance/Follicular lesion of undetermined significance” and its subcategories – A 5-year experience
Abha Thakur, Haimanti Sarin, Dilpreet Kaur, Deepak Sarin Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2019; 62(4): 544. CrossRef - Thyroid FNA cytology in Asian practice—Active surveillance for indeterminate thyroid nodules reduces overtreatment of thyroid carcinomas
K. Kakudo, M. Higuchi, M. Hirokawa, S. Satoh, C. K. Jung, A. Bychkov Cytopathology.2017; 28(6): 455. CrossRef - The Use of Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) Cytology in Patients with Thyroid Nodules in Asia: A Brief Overview of Studies from the Working Group of Asian Thyroid FNA Cytology
Chan Kwon Jung, SoonWon Hong, Andrey Bychkov, Kennichi Kakudo Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2017; 51(6): 571. CrossRef
- Acid-Fastness of Histoplasma in Surgical Pathology Practice
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Madhu Rajeshwari, Immaculata Xess, Mehar Chand Sharma, Deepali Jain
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2017;51(5):482-487. Published online September 14, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.07.11
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8,935
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- Background
Histoplasmosis (HP) is diagnosed by visualizing intracellular microorganisms in biopsy and/or culture. Periodic-acid Schiff (PAS) and Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) staining methods are routinely used for identification. The acid-fast property of Histoplasma was identified decades ago, but acid-fast staining has not been practiced in current surgical pathology. Awareness of the acid-fast property of Histoplasma, which is due to mycolic acid in the cell wall, is important in distinguishing Histoplasma from other infective microorganisms. Here, we examined acid-fastness in previously diagnosed cases of Histoplasma using the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain and correlated those findings with other known fungal stains. Methods: All cases diagnosed as HP were retrieved and reviewed along with ZN staining and other fungal stains. We also stained cases diagnosed with Cryptococcus and Leishmania as controls for comparison. Results: A total of 54 patients ranging in age from 11 to 69 years were examined. The most common sites of infection were the skin, adrenal tissue, and respiratory tract. Of the total 43 tissue samples, 20 (46.5%) stained positive with the ZN stain. In viable cases, a significant proportion of microorganisms were positive while necrotic cases showed only rare ZN-positive yeasts. In comparison to PAS and GMS stains, there was a low burden of ZN-positive yeasts. Cryptococcus showed characteristic ZN staining and all cases of Leishmania were negative. Conclusions: Although the morphology of fungal organisms is the foundation of identification, surgical pathologists should be aware of the acid-fast property of fungi, particularly when there is the potential for confusion with other infective organisms.
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Jeffrey Alex Varghese, Samantha Guhan, Lida Zheng Current Dermatology Reports.2023; 12(2): 69. CrossRef - Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii: A KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa public sector perspective
Lerato Claudia Khathali, Gamalenkosi Bonginkosi Nhlonzi, Absalom Mwazha Journal of Cutaneous Pathology.2022; 49(2): 139. CrossRef - Histologic features of colonic infections
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Metta Octora, Arthur Pohan Kawilarang, Pepy Dwi Endraswari Annals of Medicine and Surgery.2022; 74: 103278. CrossRef - Pulmonary Histoplasmosis Mimicking Metastatic Lung Cancer: A Case Report
Gion Ruegg, Stefan Zimmerli, Maria Trachsel, Sabina Berezowska, Swantje Engelbrecht, Yonas Martin, Martin Perrig Diagnostics.2021; 11(2): 328. CrossRef - Cutaneous Histoplasmosis in HIV Seronegative Patients: A Clinicopathological Analysis
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